Epithalon in cognitive performance and neuroprotection — evidence extract
No eligible study has been identified for Epithalon in cognitive performance and neuroprotection. The Institute records the question as not assessed and states what would change that.
§1Evidence extract: Cognitive performance and neuroprotection
§1.1Question and anchor outcome
- Population
- Domain-specific cognitive function or protection against cognitive decline, assessed by standardised neuropsychological batteries or clinical dementia rating.
- Intervention
- Epithalon, subcutaneous, intramuscular or intranasal in research contexts
- Comparator
- As used in each contributing trial; reported per trial rather than pooled across comparator types
- Anchor outcome
- Domain-specific cognitive test scores
Additional outcomes the Institute extracts for this indication: Clinical Dementia Rating sum of boxes; Biomarker change (amyloid, tau, neurofilament light).
§1.2Contributing trials
No trial has been identified for Epithalon in cognitive performance and neuroprotection. No certainty rating is issued where that is so, for the reason given at §1.3.
§1.3Why no certainty rating is issued
The Institute rates certainty in a body of evidence. Where no eligible study has been identified there is no such body, and the domain-by-domain assessment used elsewhere in this series is not rendered: an inconsistency judgement requires two estimates to be inconsistent with one another, and an imprecision judgement requires an interval. Neither exists here.
The outcome is therefore recorded as not assessed. It is listed in the certainty index under that heading rather than at the lowest rating, because a rating of very low certainty says that evidence was found and is weak, and that is not what has happened.
What would change this: a controlled study in the population stated at §1.1, reporting the anchor outcome, retrievable in a form the Institute can appraise. The evidence gaps recorded in the monograph at §9 state what such a study would need to measure.
§1.4What this extract does not establish
References cited on this page
References are numbered in order of first citation in this document. Each superscript in the text links to its entry below.
- Khavinson VK, Kuznik BI, Tarnovskaya SI, Linkova NS. Peptides and CCL11 and HMGB1 as differently expressed age-dependent proinflammatory biomarkers of ageing. Advances in Gerontology 2020;10(1):1–8. identifier not held by the Institute The digital object identifier previously carried on this record did not resolve and has been withdrawn. Journal and year are retained.
- D’Hondt M, Bracke N, Taevernier L, Gevaert B, Verbeke F, Wynendaele E, De Spiegeleer B. Related impurities in peptide medicines. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 2014;101:2–30. doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2014.06.012 · PMID 25044089
- Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, Shamseer L, Tetzlaff JM, Akl EA, Brennan SE, Chou R, Glanville J, Grimshaw JM, Hróbjartsson A, Lalu MM, Li T, Loder EW, Mayo-Wilson E, McDonald S, McGuinness LA. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ 2021;372:n71. doi:10.1136/bmj.n71 · PMID 33782057
Identifiers are reproduced only where the Institute holds them. Where a digital object identifier or PubMed identifier is not shown, the Institute has recorded the journal and year and has not constructed an identifier.